For Immediate Release
Contact: Sarah Walters
(202) 632-7003
Contact: Sarah Walters
(202) 632-7003
NIGC Announces Publication of Final Rules for Class II Gaming Regulations Parts 543 and 547
Revised Rules to Provide NIGC and Tribes with Essential Tools to Further Protect Indian Gaming
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Washington, DC September 21, 2012 —Today, the National Indian Gaming Commission (NIGC/Commission) announced the publication of highly-anticipated revisions to two regulations crucial to safeguarding Indian gaming: 25 CFR Part 543 Minimum Internal Control Standards for Class II Gaming (MICS) and 25 CFR Part 547 Minimum Technical Standards for Class II Gaming Systems and Equipment.
The revised final rules make critical updates and changes to the regulations governing Class II MICS and gaming equipment. As the agency charged with Federal regulation of Indian gaming, the NIGC is responsible for protecting gaming revenue, helping to ensure that tribes are the primary beneficiaries of that revenue, and overall, keeping Indian gaming safe.
“Minimum Controls and Technical Standards provide a solid, comprehensive framework that the NIGC, Tribal Gaming Regulatory Authorities (TGRA) and operators alike can use to strengthen the security of their operations,” Chairwoman Tracie Stevens stated. “The safeguarding of tribal assets, as well as game and player protection, is essential in ensuring the integrity of tribal gaming operations.”
How to play winning craps. Part 543 and 547 establish standards that are designed to protect Class II gaming operations from theft, fraud, and loss, while also preserving safety and fairness to patrons. These final rules update and revise partial, outdated standards with comprehensive standards that take into account advances in technology and recognize the significant role of TGRAs.
In addition to updating sections that were previously included, Part 543 incorporates all aspects of Class II gaming, such as procedures for card games, drop and count, surveillance, gaming promotions and player tracking. The new MICS also take into account the diverse Indian gaming industry by providing more flexibility to TGRAs.
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“These newly revised regulations more clearly define the responsibilities of TGRAs and the NIGC. They better reflect the intent of Congress to incorporate a multi-tiered regulatory scheme for the establishment of Indian gaming,” said Vice Chairwoman Steffani Cochran. “In these Standards,” she continued, “the NIGC establishes the fundamental framework with which tribes are required to comply, while also recognizing TGRA’s role as the day-to-day regulators to more closely meet individual tribes’ regulatory needs. These rules are sufficiently detailed, yet flexible, so that they can be implemented by all Class II gaming operations, regardless of size.”
Part 547 makes much-needed updates to account for advances in technology. In addition, by no longer referencing “Underwriters Laboratory,” Part 547 increases flexibility and facilitates compliance. Finally, Part 547 revises the “grandfather clause” to allow machines that have been certified “grandfathered” an additional five years to come into full compliance with the technical standards, and allows certification of eligible Class II systems that may have missed the original certification deadline.
Like any other regulated community, stakeholders are afforded the opportunity to provide input regarding rules and regulations with which they must comply. For tribes that participate in gaming pursuant to IGRA, this is especially important, not only because tribes are part of a three layered gaming regulatory system, but also because of the unique government-to-government relationship tribes have with the Federal government.
“When drafting regulations, it is absolutely necessary to get insight from the regulated community--the people who implement the regulations on the ground, and know what works and doesn't work in real life,” stated Chairwoman Stevens.
The finalized regulations are the result of a deliberative process that the Commission began in November 2010 as part of its Regulatory Review initiative. Using an improved consultation process that involved tribes and stakeholders early in the rulemaking process, the Commission was able to gather vital information before beginning the formal rulemaking process. Empire casino gift cards.
“Making regulations fit such a diverse industry did pose some challenges,” Associate Commissioner Dan Little said. “However, working with tribal operators, regulators, manufacturers and other industry experts, the Commission was able to formulate regulations that establish clear direction, while taking into account varying types of gaming venues. The regulations were crafted with some flexibility so tribal gaming regulatory agencies can fully implement the regulations in a way that best protects their operations.”
After engaging the help of a Tribal Advisory Committee (TAC), participating in informative conversations with tribes, and receiving public comments during the informal drafting phase, the Commission released Notices of Proposed Rule Making (NPRM) for both Part 543 and Part 547 on June 1, 2012 with the comment period closing on July 31, 2012. In response to initial comments requesting an extension of the deadline, the Commission extended the deadline to August 15, 2012. The Commission reviewed and considered all comments on the NPRM received by August 15.
“The Tribal Advisory Committee, tribal, and public comments were extremely useful in developing these standards, but the TAC especially,” Associate Commissioner Little stated further. “The Committee was comprised of 15 diverse and knowledgeable Indian gaming professionals who provided valuable and practical insight during the drafting process. While not all recommendations were included, the end product includes many components recommended by the industry. As a result, the final regulations reflect their experience and make the revised regulations relevant to today’s gaming industry.”
“These regulations help strengthen the foundation of Indian gaming by ensuring that solid controls and clear responsibilities are established, providing a strong Class II industry and stability to tribal government gaming,” Chairwoman Stevens concluded.
The NIGC is dedicated to assisting tribes to maintain compliance with all NIGC regulations. At a later date, the NIGC intends to issue guidance and offer training and technical assistance to facilitate compliance with these rules. Information will be posted on the NIGC website and circulated to tribes in the near future.
Parts 543 and 547 are available for public inspection and comment by clicking here and here. Both rules will become effective on October 22, 2012. Existing facilities will have one year to come into compliance with the MICS; however, facilities opened after the effective date of the regulation must comply with the MICS upon opening. All related regulatory review information can be found on our website at www.nigc.gov under the Tribal Consultation/Regulatory Review 2011-12/Discussion Drafts.
The NIGC is an independent regulatory agency established within the Department of the Interior pursuant to the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act of 1988.
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Download the PDF here.African Safari Cartridges: Class 2 Game
By Chuck Hawks
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Sub-Saharan Africa is teeming with Class 2 game. What we in North America would call 'deer size' game is the most prevalent type in the Dark Continent, although no actual deer species are native to sub-Saharan Africa. Fallow deer were imported into South Africa by the British, however, and reside there in huntable numbers.
Most African Class 2 game are species of antelope. A bewildering number of antelope dwell in Africa, ranging in size from tiny dik-dik the size of a lap dog to giant Eland as big as North American moose. However, it is the great middle range of these diverse animals, those scaling on average from 50 to 300 pounds that interests us here. Game in that range includes wart hog (pound for pound probably the toughest animal you will find in the bush), impala, reedbuck, bushbuck, springbuck, nyala, hartebeest and fallow deer, among others. For the North American hunter, the rifle that he uses for hunting deer, caribou and black bear will probably suffice for African game of the same approximate size.
For hunting such game, various 6.5mm, .270, 7mm, .30 and 8mm calibers are appropriate. Most African hunters prefer cartridges and loads with at least a 250 yard maximum point blank range (+/- 3 inches). Bullets with a sectional density (SD) of at least .270 are preferred, as you never know what you may encounter in the African bush.
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There are many suitable 6.5mm (.264') cartridges. Included are the 6.5x55, .260 Remington, 6.5x57, 6.5x68 Schuler, 6.5mm Remington Magnum and .264 Winchester Magnum. 140 grain bullets (SD .287) seem to be the standard for most 6.5mm cartridges today, but some African hunters still prefer heavy 156-160 grain bullets.
In .270 caliber, the .270 Winchester, .270 WSM and .270 Weatherby Magnum are the obvious choices. If your choice is the .270 WSM, makes absolutely sure your chosen rifle feeds with 100% reliability. 150 grain bullets (SD .279) provide plenty of penetration.
The classic 7mm caliber is the 7x57 Mauser (sometimes called the .275 Rigby in Britain). This cartridge has been used on everything in Africa and remains one of the classic calibers for Class 2 game. It is, for example, a favorite of South African outfitter Leon Viljoen, who has contributed African hunting stories to Guns and Shooting Online. Win2 day at. Other suitable 7mm calibers include the 7mm-08, 7x61, 7x64 Brenneke, 7x65R, .280 Remington, .284 Winchester, 7mm Remington Magnum and 7mm Weatherby Magnum. Bullets weighing 154 grains (SD .273) to 162 grains (SD .287) are probably the most popular choices in 7mm.
Favored .30-.303 calibers include the .308 Winchester, .30-06 and .303 British. 180 grain bullets (SD .271) are popular for the various .30's, although some experts prefer 200 grain bullets (SD .301).
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Moving up from the .30-.303 cartridges, the next step is 8mm (.32 caliber). There are a number of suitable cartridges in this range, most of which are European. The best known 8mm cartridges in North America are the 8x57 Mauser and .325 WSM, but practically all of the European 8mm's have given good accounts of themselves on African game. Bullets weighing 200 grains (SD .274) or heavier are appropriate for the 8mm calibers.
The .300 and 8mm Magnums are typically considered most appropriate for Class 3 game. They are effective, but hardly necessary, for Class 2 game. Unfortunately, their recoil is more than many shooters can handle. Remember that precise bullet placement is the most important factor in killing power and increasing recoil decreases shooter accuracy. Most shooters simply shoot better with standard calibers than they do with magnums. Because of this, many African professional hunters question the marksmanship of clients who show up with .300 Magnum rifles.
Many African 'plains game' hunts will be combination hunts in which both CXP2 and CXP3 game is sought. In those cases, the same calibers that would be appropriate for a combination deer and elk hunt in Western North America will be appropriate. Start with the .270 Winchester/150 grain and work your way up to the .300 Magnums in power and you will have a list of suitable calibers. One of the 7mm Magnums with 160-175 grain bullets, .308 Winchester with 180 grain bullets and .30-06 or .300 Magnum with 180-200 grain bullets are classic calibers chosen by North American hunters for combination safaris.
Good advice for traveling hunters is to choose a cartridge for which ammunition is available in the area you intend to hunt. That way, if the airline loses the bag containing your ammo, you can buy factory loads where you land.
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As always, if your favorite cartridge is not mentioned above but is similar to one of the calibers that is mentioned, it will probably do fine. Remember that the key to quick kills is not the caliber, but precise bullet placement!
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Note: Full length articles about all of the cartridges mentioned above can be found on the Rifle Cartridges page.